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What is CNC bending?

CNC bending, also known as CNC forming, is the process of reshaping sheet metal from a flat shape. Using CNC bending technology, you can produce almost any component design. A basic example of this is creating a 90 degree bend that turns a flat sheet of metal into an "L" shaped bracket

CNC stands for "Computer Numerical Control". This means that computer software translates your designs into codes or numbers, and it is these codes that control the press brake

Machines used for CNC bending are called CNC bending machines (or brake presses). They can convert sheet metal with dimensions ranging from a few millimeters to several meters long

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Common Bend Types

Since overall bending is a relatively popular method, there are also many different types of bending. The different types of bends that we will discuss below are V-bends (consisting of three different types of bends - air bends, bottom bends, and stamped), wipe, roll bends, folds, and step bends

It is worth noting that over 90% of the bends are done using bottom bends or air bends. All three V-bending methods are also the only ones that use a press brake to get the job done, while the other types use more specific machinery

Air bending, our first example, is a bending method that uses a press brake to force the punch into the die, but not far enough that the punch itself does not touch the walls of the die. This is probably the least accurate method of sheet metal bending, but it's still very popular due to its flexibility - it can make many different bend shapes using the same machine and just adjust the amount of force applied

Primer, on the other hand, is a sheet metal bending method where the punch is pushed down more so that it touches the edge of the die. This method is rarely used to create anything other than a chevron, but it does have a lot of variation in the possible angles of the chevron

Stamping is the last method of bending using a press brake, and one that is less popular in the modern world. The main difference between embossing and air bending/scaping is that embossing applies several times more force to the material than either of the above two methods. Imprinting offers higher precision than other methods, but it is not as popular as it was some time ago due to the overall improvement in mechanical precision and quality in recent years

Now that we've gone through the types of sheet metal bending using a press brake, it's time to review the rest of the list, starting with folding. Folding is a process similar in nature to wiping - a portion of the metal sheet is clamped in place, and then the clamp beam is raised to bend the metal into the desired shape. Positive and negative angles are available, mostly used to provide V-bending operations

Roll bending is pretty much the most unusual method on this list, as its mechanical type consists of three constantly rotating cylindrical rollers that turn the sheet metal into some kind of arc. As the name suggests, its biggest use case is circular - tubing, pipes, etc.

A step bend is the last example on our list (sometimes called a bump bend) - and it's quite unusual in itself. it runs b

y Use the press brake to create several smaller V-shaped bends in quick succession to make one large smooth (curved) bend for the metal piece

This list is by no means complete and there are many other ways to perform the bending process, but these are some of the more commonly used examples that are representative of the overall scope of the field

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